Acoustic Black Holes

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 Acoustic Black Holes  

Acoustic Black Holes (ABHs) are physical phenomena where sound waves are trapped and absorbed in a way analogous to how light is captured by gravitational black holes. In structural dynamics and vibroacoustics, an ABH typically refers to a region of a solid structure (such as a beam or plate) that has been tapered in such a way that its thickness approaches zero, causing the group velocity of bending waves to decrease drastically as they approach the thin region.

Due to this gradual tapering and material damping, incoming vibrational energy is effectively "trapped" and dissipated, reducing reflections and vibrations. This concept is widely used for passive vibration and noise control in aerospace, automotive, and mechanical systems, offering a lightweight and efficient alternative to traditional damping methods.

Key features:

  • Inspired by the analogy with general relativity black holes

  • Traps and absorbs flexural waves through geometric tapering

  • Requires no external energy source (passive control)

  • Enhances structural damping with minimal added mass

  • Often combined with viscoelastic materials for maximum effect

ABHs are a cutting-edge solution in metamaterials, structural acoustics, and vibration suppression, offering innovative pathways for energy-efficient and low-weight designs.


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