Research group advances quantum sensing with a new model in optical fibers

(a) Schematic of an entanglement-enhanced Mach-Zehnder Interferometer, with equal photon number inputs |𝑛⟩ in each port creating a Holland-Burnett state inside the interferometer. The bottom branch accumulates an unknown phase 𝜙 while the top branch includes a controllable element 𝜃𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑏𝑎𝑐𝑘 that can ensure an optimal measurement. (b) Simplified schematic for modeling. The state experiences loss (red) both inside the interferometer (𝜂1 and 𝜂2) and in the number-resolving detectors (𝜂𝑑). The internal loss mode 𝐿1 with loss 1−𝜂1 is grouped into other losses for simplified analysis. Credit: Gregory Krueper et al, Realistic model of entanglement-enhanced sensing in optical fibers, Optics Express (2022)

Research into quantum engineering may provide a number of significant advancements in sensor technology, but optical loss and signal noise have—until recently—held these applications back. In "Realistic model of entanglement-enhanced sensing in optical fibers" published in Optics Express earlier this year, the Optics and Photonics Research Group at CU Boulder and their partners predict and demonstrate meaningful advances in fiber-based, quantum-enhanced remote sensing and probing of photosensitive materials.

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